The scope of the crime of economic and industrial espionage with a look at the 1996 law of the United States Congress

Document Type : Original Article

Author

PhD student of criminal law and criminology at Al-Mustafa International University of Khorasan

Abstract

Economic and industrial espionage is defined as the collection of economic information from one country about another. A country's economic situation is very important to its national security, and economic and industrial espionage can target it. The targets of this espionage include gathering information on GDP, inflation rates, budgeting for defense, national R&D spending, and expanding important industries such as electronics, aerospace, and biotechnology. During the Cold War, intelligence and counterintelligence services focused on political and military purposes, which fundamentally changed the espionage process. Economic and industrial espionage has become an attractive option for countries that are often allies. The heavy costs of economic and industrial espionage on the US economy, the weakness of civil law in combating the issue, and the inability of prosecutors to use other criminal laws effectively led Congress to make economic espionage a federal offense and enact the Economic Espionage Act in 1996.

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References

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