Family-Based Responses to Juvenile Delinquency in Imāmī Jurisprudence and the Criminal Law of Iran and France

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Student in Jurisprudence and Foundations of Islamic Law, Islamic Azad University, Mahalat Branch, Mahalat, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Criminal Law and Criminology, University of Qom, Qom, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor,, Department of theology, jurisprudence and Islamic law, Mahallat Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahallat, Iran

Abstract

Juvenile delinquency and appropriate responses to it constitute one of the significant concerns of most social systems. Given that the family plays a pivotal role in the formation of personality and the socialization of children and adolescents, emphasis is placed on preserving this position when addressing juvenile delinquency. Examining this matter from the perspective of Imāmī fiqh and the criminal laws of Iran and France is the subject of the present article, which has been prepared using a descriptive–analytical method. Considering the responsibility that Islam places upon parents and the obligations it assigns to them in the vital matter of upbringing, the family holds a highly significant status in Islam—such that it occupies a central position in community-based responses, whether proactive or reactive, to juvenile delinquency. Islam prefers such responses over state-imposed criminal sanctions. Examples of these responses include the child’s religious upbringing, the fulfillment of his essential needs, and his proper discipline (taʾdīb). This emphasis is reflected, to some extent, in the criminal laws of both Iran and France. The acceptance of guardianship by the biological family or a substitute family, along with the obtaining of necessary guarantees from them, are examples of attention to the family’s role in responding to juvenile delinquency. Nevertheless, in light of Islamic teachings, it can be asserted that serious shortcomings remain in this regard.

Keywords

References

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