نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق جزا، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه نمایندگی خراسان، مشهد، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه حقوق، دانشگاه رضوی، مشهد، ایران(نویسنده مسئول).
3 استاد یار گروه فقه پزشکی مجتمع فقه جامعه المصطفی العالمیه، قم، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
With the advancement of biological sciences, human genomic data has found widespread applications. However, the misuse of such information and the practice of genetic discrimination in areas such as employment and healthcare have raised serious concerns. The absence of specific legislation in this regard underscores the necessity of examining the legal and jurisprudential foundations for criminalization. The central question is whether existing criminalization principles justify the legislator’s intervention in criminalizing genetic discrimination, or whether the individual and collective interests embedded in genetic data constitute a serious obstacle to such intervention. This study, adopting a descriptive-analytical approach, examines the legal and jurisprudential bases for the criminalization of genetic discrimination based on the Filtering Theory, which posits that criminalization must pass through three distinct filters. The findings suggest that genetic discrimination, by violating others’ rights and ethical-social values, falls under the limiting principles of liberty. Criminal sanctions, due to their deterrent power and societal condemnation, are deemed the most effective response to such discrimination. From a jurisprudential perspective, accessing individuals’ genetic information without consent and using it as a basis for discrimination is impermissible according to Islamic legal sources; however, no explicit punishment has been stipulated for it in Sharia. To determine an appropriate sanction, one may appeal to the jurisprudential principle that allows for discretionary punishment (taʿzīr) for any prohibited act.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
)