نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشآموخته دکتری فقه و حقوق قضایی گرایش جزا و جرمشناسی، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه، قم، ایران(نویسنده مسئول)
2 استاد گروه حقوق کیفری و جرمشناسی،دانشکدۀحقوق، دانشکدگان فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران.
3 دانشیار دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Article 562 of the 2014 Islamic Penal Code (IRI) represents an innovation that resolves ambiguities regarding arsh al-jināyat (monetary compensation for injuries or indemnity given in case of someone’s injury by another) for women, which were previously unaddressed. This article establishes equality between men and women in arsh al-jināyat. This contrasts with Article 449 of the same code, which extends fixed diyah (blood money) regulations to arsh al-jināyat, potentially including the rule of tanṣīf al-diyah (halving of diyah for women). Article 562, therefore, is an exception to Article 449, and the tanṣīf al-diyah rule does not apply to arsh al-jināyat for women, resulting in equality with men. While explicit statements regarding the equality or inequality of arsh al-jināyat between women and men are absent in Imāmī juristic works, analyzing general principles from the chapter on diyah, arguments concerning muʿāqalah (shared responsibility in diyah payments) up to one-third of the full diyah, and related istiftāʾāt (legal inquiries) reveals three viewpoints: 1) Absolute inequality in arsh al-jināyat between women and men; 2) Absolute equality; 3) Adherence to the tanṣīf al-diyah rule for women. This research indicates that Article 562 adopts the view of absolute equality, a progressive step towards gender equality that diverges from the dominant view of contemporary Imāmī jurists. This approach avoids additional financial burdens on the bayt al-māl (house of wealth or public treasury), as the difference would need to be compensated from the fund for bodily injury compensations based on Article 551 if a woman’s arsh were half that of a man.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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