نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری کلام اسلامی، مدرسۀ عالی علوم انسانی، حکمت و تاریخ، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه، مشهد، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه فقه و معارف اسلامی، جامعه المصطفی العالمیه نمایندگی خراسان، مشهد، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Regarding the reality of deposit-making, particularly interest-bearing deposits in banks, various viewpoints have been proposed, such as wadīʿah, qarḍ, muḍārabah, wakālah, and being a new contract. Undoubtedly, the Sharīʿah and legal rulings and conditions thereof will also differ based on each of the aforementioned transactions. One of the longstanding opinions is that deposit-making in banks constitutes wadīʿah, while in contrast, the prevailing opinion among jurists and legal scholars is that deposits constitute qarḍ. The most important implication of deposits being qarḍ is the application of the prohibition of ribā qarḍī with respect to receiving interest in this type of banking transaction. In this article, employing an analytical-descriptive method, after elucidating some necessary concepts, the two viewpoints of deposit-making as wadīʿah and as qarḍ are examined, evaluated, and critiqued. The most important finding of this research is that deposit-making in banks is not a wadīʿah contract. Furthermore, although deposit-making in banks as qarḍ is the common viewpoint, it is not established with certainty. Consequently, the implications and rulings of these two fiqhī titles do not apply to deposit-making. Of course, it is evident that the general conditions and regulations of transactions must be observed in these cases.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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